Since early 2025, Canada has seen a sharp decline in the number of temporary residents — including international students and foreign workers. Along with this trend, the country’s population growth has slowed dramatically, signaling the visible impact of Canada’s tightening immigration policies.
This article reviews the latest data, explores the key factors behind these changes, and discusses what they could mean for those planning to study, work, or immigrate to Canada

According to the latest data from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC), only 18,500 new foreign workers arrived in July 2025 — a 37% decrease compared to the same month last year. The number of new study permit holders also fell to 7,685, down 55% year-over-year.
Between January and July 2025, Canada welcomed 235,070 fewer new temporary residents (workers and students combined) compared to the same period in 2024.
These declines reflect the federal government’s goal of keeping the total number of temporary residents below 5% of Canada’s population — a policy direction that has begun to show tangible effects.
As of June 2025, the total number of temporary residents in Canada (including all valid work and study permit holders) has continued to fall from its August 2024 peak.

The impact of these policy shifts can also be seen in Canada’s demographic trends. During the second quarter of 2025 (April–July), Canada’s population increased by just 47,098 people, a growth rate of 0.10% — one of the weakest quarterly increases in recent years.
The contribution of immigration to overall population growth has also dropped sharply. In Q2 2024, immigration accounted for 95.3% of population growth, but in 2025 that share fell to 71.5%.
The number of non-permanent residents (NPRs) — including all temporary residents — has now declined for three consecutive quarters, reaching 3,024,216 people (about 7.3% of the total population) as of July 1, 2025.
This slowdown is linked to several major immigration policy adjustments introduced since 2024, including:

• A national cap on new study permit applications
• Stricter rules for work permits, particularly in low-wage sectors
• Limitations on spousal open work permits
• Revisions to the Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) program
• Reduced targets for temporary resident admissions — 673,650 (2025), 516,600 (2026), and 543,600 (2027)

These measures were largely aimed at easing pressure on Canada’s housing market and public services — but as a result, they have also slowed population growth.

Several key factors are driving Canada’s recent shift from expansion to adjustment in immigration policy:

• Housing and Infrastructure Strain
  Rising housing costs, transportation bottlenecks, and growing pressure on education and healthcare have pushed the government to manage population inflows more carefully.
• Political and Economic Pressures
  Rapid immigration growth has led to concerns about affordability and integration, creating political momentum for tighter controls.
• Post-Pandemic Policy Correction
  After the pandemic-era surge in applications, the government is now re-balancing immigration and labor programs for long-term sustainability.
• Strategic Re-evaluation of Immigration Mix
  Canada is gradually shifting from maximizing volume to prioritizing high-skilled, in-demand, and regionally balanced immigration.

Future Immigration Policy Scenarios and Key Considerations
Looking forward, several developments appear likely:

• Further Adjustments to Temporary Resident Programs
  Continued fine-tuning of work and study permit issuance, with tighter eligibility in certain sectors.
• Greater Focus on Permanent Residency Pathways
  Canada may refine transition programs that allow temporary residents to obtain PR status.
• Regionalization of Immigration
  Increased emphasis on provincial and rural immigration programs (PNPs) to encourage settlement outside major cities.
• Skills-Based Selection
  More targeted selection of candidates based on labor market needs and professional expertise.

That said, future immigration policy could remain fluid — shifting in response to political priorities, economic trends, and global migration patterns.

For those planning to come to Canada to study, work, or immigrate, these trends carry important lessons:

• Start Early
  As requirements tighten, it’s increasingly important to prepare documentation and meet eligibility criteria well in advance.
• Keep Multiple Pathways Open
  Explore different visa types or alternative routes such as provincial nominee programs (PNPs).
• Build Your Profile
  Strengthen language skills, work experience, and credentials to stay competitive.
• Stay Informed
  Regularly check IRCC updates and provincial immigration announcements — policy shifts can occur quickly.

Canada’s recent decline in temporary resident arrivals and near-flat population growth mark a significant turning point in the country’s immigration landscape. While the era of rapid expansion may be giving way to one of strategic management, opportunities remain — particularly for those who plan ahead and align their goals with Canada’s evolving priorities.
At Visa JP Canada, we will continue monitoring these developments closely and sharing insights on how applicants can navigate the changing system successfully.